Compared with the gravitational effect of electromagnetic fields, the quantum effect of the gravitational field can be said to be extremely small. In essence, the coupling constant of gravity is 43 orders of magnitude smaller than the fine structure constant. Therefore, graviton is actually not observable. However, it is possible to observe the quantum effect of gravity in an indirect way. PRL recently published in two papers shows the two similar program proposals, one from the University College London and colleagues Sougato Bose, one of Chiara Marletto and Vlatko Vedral from the University of Oxford. Relativity and quantum mechanics are the two pillars of modern physics. The two major theories have successfully explained the two dark clouds of the late 19th and early 20th centuries: "Michaelson-Morley Experiment" and "Blackbody Radiation". In 1905, Einstein published four epoch-making papers in the "Physical Yearbook" in Germany. For the first time, he proposed the concept of relativity and time relating to relativity. This year was called the "Einstein miracle year." In 1877, Boltzmann proposed that the energy level of the physical system can be discrete. In 1900, Planck proposed that electromagnetic energy can only be released in a quantized manner. At the same time, Einstein was inspired to propose the concept of light quantum. Explain the photoelectric effect. Later, in the first half of the 20th century, many scientists together established quantum mechanics. These famous scientists include Planck, Bohr, Heisenberg, De Broglie, Compton, Einstein, Schrödinger, Bonn, von Neumann, Dirac, Fermi, Pauli, Laue, Dyson, Bose, Sommerfeld, etc. Classical field theory, special relativity and quantum mechanics are then unified under the framework of quantum field theory and are widely used in particle physics and condensed matter physics. Quantum field theory has been considered as a true basic theory in history, but it has not been able to achieve the quantization of general relativity for a long time. Among the four basic interactions known to man, the removal of gravitation, strong interactions, electromagnetic interactions, and weak interactions have been found to describe quantum field theory suitable for satisfying specific symmetry, namely quantum chromodynamics, quantum electrodynamics. And Fermi point theory. The weak action and the electromagnetic interaction are more unified in form, that is, the theory of quantum norms. Theory of Everything (Theory of Everything) is assumed to have a blanket, consistent theoretical framework for physical presence, able to explain all the mysteries of the universe. The sum of general relativity and quantum field theory can be said to be the most universal theory in imagination. String Theory (string theory) and Loop Quantum Gravity (loop quantum gravity) is currently considered the most likely successful theory of everything. The theoretical path to the universal theory is generally considered to be obtained by level-by-level integration: Among them, the standard model of Grand Unified Theories (GUT) and all the GUTs that have been proposed are quantum field theory, which requires renormalization group technology to obtain reasonable results, which means quantum field theory. It is just a very good approximation of low energy, that is, quantum field theory is an effective field theory of a more fundamental theory. The contradiction between general relativity and quantum field theory is that the theoretical predictions made in their respective fields have passed extremely accurate experimental verification, but the two are not compatible and will not be correct at the same time. Usually, because the fields of application of the two are very different, it is enough to use one of the theories. However, in the various cases where the space-time scale is extremely small and the mass is extremely large, such as the black hole and the initial stage of the universe after the big bang, the incompatibility between general relativity and quantum mechanics becomes a significant problem. Quantum gravity theory attempts to describe gravity through the principles of quantum mechanics. Strictly speaking, the goal of quantum gravity theory is simply to describe the quantum behavior of the gravitational field, and should not be confused with the goal of integrating all basic interactions into a mathematical framework. But any advancement in the understanding of gravity will help to finally obtain a unified theory. The field of quantum gravity itself will have various branches and different ways of obtaining unified theory. The mathematical description of quantum gravity theory has made some progress, but none of the experimental methods for observing the force effect in the past is currently feasible. Compared with the gravitational effect of electromagnetic fields, the quantum effect of the gravitational field can be said to be extremely small. In essence, the coupling constant of gravity is 43 orders of magnitude smaller than the fine structure constant. Therefore, graviton is actually not observable. However, it is possible to observe the quantum effect of gravity in an indirect way. Two papers recently published on PRL give two similar proposals, one from Sougato Bose and colleagues at University College London, one from Oxford University's Chiara Marletto and Vlatko Vedral. In their ideal experiment, the two particles interact only by gravitation. If quantum entanglement occurs between the two particles, that is, the two particles are in the quantum superposition state, the reason for this quantum effect is only Can be gravitation. The specific method is to place two mass points in two adjacent interferometers. If the gravitational force is quantum-level, the two particles will have become quantum entanglement before leaving the respective interferometer. GW Morley/University of Warwick and APS/Alan Stonebraker The schemes given by the two teams are similar but slightly different. Marletto and Vedral give a general proof that a system itself must be quantum if it can cause quantum entanglement in two quantum systems. Bose's team discussed the details of a specific experiment: using two spin states to produce a spatial superposition of particles. Both Marletto and Vedral's ideal experiments and Bose's ideal experiments are technically full of challenges. The implementation of these experiments requires the generation and maintenance of a quantum superposition of the relativistic-level particles, while reducing or eliminating interactions beyond gravitation. However, once the experimental observation of quantum gravity is realized, it will bring a huge breakthrough to physics, and it is possible to enable humans to obtain the ultimate theory of unifying all basic interactions and to have a new understanding of the universe. CCTV Power Adapter,Security Camera Power Adapters,CCTV Camera Power Adapter Chinasky Electronics Co., Ltd. , https://www.chinacctvproducts.com
