January 09, 2025

Multi-rotor drone advantage



Multi-rotor drone (data)

First, let's compare their user experience with current electric fixed wings, helicopters and multi-rotors:

In terms of handling, multi-rotor handling is the easiest.

It can take off and land vertically without the need for a runway, and can hover in the air after takeoff. Its control principle is simple, and the four remote sensing operations of the manipulator correspond to the movement of the aircraft in the front, back, left and right, up and down and yaw directions. In terms of autopilot, the multi-rotor autopilot control method is simple, and the controller parameter adjustment is also very simple. Relatively speaking, learning to fly with fixed wings and helicopters is not a simple matter. The fixed-wing flight site is required to be wide, and the inter-channel coupling occurs during the helicopter flight. The design of the autopilot controller is difficult and the controller adjustment is difficult.

In terms of reliability, the multi-rotor is also the best performer.

If only the reliability of the machine is considered, the multi-rotor has no moving parts, and its reliability basically depends on the reliability of the brushless motor, so the reliability is high. In comparison, fixed-wing and helicopters have moving mechanical joints that wear out during flight, resulting in reduced reliability. Moreover, the multi-rotor can hover, the flight range is controlled, and it is safer than the fixed wing.

In terms of serviceability, the multi-rotor's serviceability is the highest.

Because of its simple structure, if the motor, electronic governor, battery, paddle and frame are damaged, it is easy to replace. There are more fixed-wing and helicopter parts, and the installation requires skill, which is relatively troublesome.

In terms of endurance performance, the performance of the multi-rotor is significantly weaker than the other two, and its energy conversion efficiency is low.

In terms of load bearing performance, the multi-rotor is also the worst of the three.

For these three models, handling is related to aircraft structure and flight principles and is difficult to change. Multi-rotor always has an advantage in terms of reliability and serviceability. As battery energy density continues to increase, materials become lighter, and airborne equipment continues to be miniaturized, the advantages of multi-rotor will be further highlighted. Therefore, in the mass market, the “rigid” experience eventually led people to choose multiple rotors.

Multi-rotor also has its own development bottleneck

Its motion and simple structure depend on the speed change of the propeller in time to adjust the force and torque. This method should not be extended to larger rotors.

First, the larger the blade size, the harder it is to change its speed quickly.

Because of this, helicopters mainly change the lift by changing the pitch rather than the speed.

Second, under heavy load, the rigidity of the paddle needs to be further improved.

The up and down vibration of the propeller can cause the rigidly large paddle to break easily, which is the same as the fact that we usually fold the wire back and forth to break the wire. Therefore, the flexibility of the blade is important to reduce the effect of the blade turning back and forth on the blade root. Because of this, in order to reduce the fatigue of the blades, the helicopter uses a hinge that allows the blades to move up and down during the rotation. If a large load is to be provided, the multi-rotor also needs to add moving parts or join ducts and fairings. This is equivalent to a multi-rotor with multiple helicopter structures. The reliability and maintainability of such a multi-rotor will drop dramatically, and the advantages will be less obvious. Of course, another possible solution to increase the multi-rotor load capacity is to increase the number of blades to 18 or 32 paddles. But this approach will greatly reduce reliability, maintainability and endurance. For various reasons, people finally chose the micro-miniature rotor.

Where does the multi-rotor go in the future?

Engaged in the development of multi-rotor, nothing from the three perspectives of demand, program and technology.

Demand innovation not only needs to grasp the needs of users, but also comprehensively grasp the feasibility of the program and technology. Demand innovation will bring new problems and features, which will immediately form the difference between products and solutions. New issues lead to new designs, new technology developments and integrations that form the threshold.

Program innovation requires a broad knowledge base and a grasp of the technical feasibility of the technology, which will reduce the difficulty of the technology.

Technological innovation requires strong expertise in the field, and the difficulty lies in the need to make a significant improvement in some of the performance of the multi-rotor. Every segment of the industry brings new needs and problems. Multi-rotors are combined with other equipment to create new applications. New application scenarios are bound to bring new problems and new technologies. At the same time, users should be subdivided. This can tap into additional new requirements.

The introduction of relevant standards will also expand demand. The relevant policies at home and abroad are constantly improving and the industry will become more standardized. These standards are bound to give users a reassurance to stimulate users' desire to purchase, which will further expand demand.

At present, the market demand with a large number of consumer groups is generally optimistic, such as toys, education, wearable quadrotors and agricultural drones and other popular areas. Multi-rotor requires reliable quality, which means that manufacturers need a steady stream of R&D investment. Therefore, a market with controllable security risks and a broad consumer base can help manufacturers earn reasonable profits and further help products improve quality.

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