Analysis of the status quo of high-end equipment manufacturing industry

High-end equipment manufacturing refers to the high-end sector of manufacturing, which includes both the high-end part of traditional manufacturing and the high-end part of emerging industries. The high-end field of manufacturing can be understood from three perspectives:

First, the technology is high-end, characterized by knowledge and technology intensive, reflecting the integration of high, precise and sophisticated technologies in multidisciplinary and multi-field;

Second, the high end of the value chain, with high value-added features;

Third, the core part of the industrial chain, the level of development determines the overall competitiveness of the industry chain.

The “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” for high-end equipment manufacturing has entered the final review stage and is scheduled to be introduced in the first half of this year. During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, the overall thinking of China's development of high-end equipment manufacturing industry is: focus on the development of intelligent manufacturing, green manufacturing and service manufacturing, enlarge and strengthen aviation equipment and satellite and application industries, improve the level of rail transit equipment, and accelerate the cultivation. Develop marine engineering equipment, cultivate high-end equipment manufacturing industry into a pillar industry of the national economy, and realize the transformation of China's equipment manufacturing industry from large to strong.

According to the statistics of the 2017 China High-end Equipment Manufacturing Annual Report released by the Northwest Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the sales revenue of China's high-end equipment manufacturing industry exceeded 9 trillion yuan in 2017, and the proportion in the equipment manufacturing industry increased to 15%. The compound growth rate reached 32.3%, achieving another leap-forward growth. Based on this growth rate, by 2022, the sales revenue of the high-end equipment manufacturing industry will reach 20.7 trillion, and the proportion in the equipment manufacturing industry will increase to 25%. The prospect of high-end equipment manufacturing industry can be described as Jinxiu unlimited.

The achievements of China's high-end equipment manufacturing industry in 2017 are very worthy of recognition, but the problems they face are also in need of deep thinking and improvement, so as to gain an advantage in the future global economic tide and drive China's industrial economy to develop better. Three key words, detailed analysis of the development status of the high-end equipment industry.

technical level

In recent years, with the support of government policies, Chinese enterprises have continuously strengthened technological innovation and technological transformation, and the overall technical level has continued to improve, and a large number of high-end equipment with independent intellectual property rights have been developed. However, while high-end power equipment, engineering machinery, CNC machine tools and many other host fields are developing at a high speed, many key components and supporting products are lagging behind, and are seriously subject to imports.

China's own brand of high-end equipment manufacturing industry core competitiveness is not strong, low-end capacity, competition is particularly fierce, high-end links are controlled by foreign brands. Due to the weak innovation ability, the research and development experimental conditions of many enterprises and even key enterprises are generally poor, and the innovation ability is difficult to reach the expected level.

The problem of insufficient industrial innovation capability in China has also become increasingly prominent. In recent years, China's science and technology conversion rate is less than 15%, far lower than the level of 40%-50% in developed countries, and there is still room for improvement in technology. Faced with the problem of insufficient innovation capability at the technical level, it is necessary to further improve the innovation ecological environment of industrial clusters and put innovation in the core position of the overall development of manufacturing industry.

Market level

After the international financial crisis, the economic strategy of developed countries has changed too much from the service industry to “return of manufacturing” and “re-industrialization”. The United States launched the "Advanced Manufacturing Partnership Program", focusing on information technology, new materials, and new energy. The German government proposed the "Industry 4.0" strategy and established two major themes of intelligent production and smart factories. While developing countries implement the "re-industrialization" strategy, the looting of low-end manufacturing resources by developing countries has also brought enormous challenges to China's industrial development.

At the same time, with the advent of the aging of the population and the rising cost of labor for Chinese enterprises, intelligent equipment has become the choice of enterprises in more and more fields, which also provides a broad market for the development of China's high-end equipment manufacturing industry. At present, the number of robots per 10,000 workers in China is only 27, which is lower than the average of 55 in the world, far lower than the level of more than 300 in Korea and Japan. In the future, the intelligent equipment represented by robots in China will have a very large Expansion capacity.

Policy level

China's high-end equipment manufacturing industry is still a naive industry. In the early stage of industrial development, the scale is small, the output value is low, the industry is seriously unbalanced, and it is in an inequitable and fragile position.

At the same time, the failure of the market led to the failure of private production practices such as insufficient production experience and incomplete capital markets, making the high-end equipment manufacturing industry difficult in the early stages of development and most likely to suffer losses. Under this circumstance, the government has adopted the fiscal taxation policies such as tariff protection and financial subsidies to actively guide and protect it, and it is of great necessity and strategic significance to support the establishment of an economic scale with long-term competitive advantages.

At present, China's tax policy is weak for high-end equipment manufacturing. At this stage, high-end equipment manufacturing industry can only apply general general tax incentives, and lacks systematic and normative tax arrangements to support the development of high-end equipment manufacturing. High-end equipment manufacturing tax support system.

(1) Low industrial profit margin

The high-end equipment manufacturing industry should have considerable profits as a technology- and capital-intensive capital-based industry. However, many high-end equipment manufacturing companies have not yet mastered the technology of advanced equipment and major complete equipment. Many core components and technologies can only rely on imports. The rising cost and the heavy tax burden of enterprises and the pressure of rising costs will make the profit rate lower and lower.

(2) The effect of industrial clusters is not obvious

In recent years, due to the strategic needs of the transformation and upgrading of economic development, the Chinese government has vigorously promoted the construction of high-end equipment manufacturing industrial clusters in the Bohai Sea, the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta. Under the impetus of the policy, a large number of “industrial clusters” have emerged. The infrastructure in the region has not kept pace with its development. In the end, such industrial clusters that are out of the market development law, have low correlation, and are not closely connected to production, will have various problems such as short industrial chain and poor clustering effect in a certain period of time.

(3) Insufficient innovation ability

Although China's high-end equipment manufacturing industry has achieved strong growth in recent years, growth is not brought about by technological advancement. High-end equipment manufacturing enterprises still lack core competitive advantages. The long-term introduction of advanced technology from foreign countries has promoted the inertia of Chinese enterprises in R&D and innovation, and the high cost of introducing technology has made it unable to maintain the expenditure of internal R&D investment. Digest these high technologies.

Furthermore, due to the insufficiency of China's innovation system, the industry, academia and research in the field of high-end equipment manufacturing has not been well utilized. The R&D centers of various universities and research centers in various fields are weak, the technology conversion capability is not high, and a large number of R&D In the current household registration system, the flow of innovative talents has been hindered. In terms of the cultural atmosphere of accepting talents and inclusive innovation and trial and error, China still has a big gap compared with Europe, America and Japan.

(4) Lack of core competitiveness

In addition, China's high-end equipment manufacturing enterprises still have a status quo that is big but not strong, independent research and development capabilities are poor, key technologies are highly dependent on foreign countries, core technologies are subject to people, and there are few things with independent intellectual property rights. The trend of re-introduction, light development, heavy imitation, and light innovation has not been changed. The strange circle of "introduction - backward - re-introduction - then backward" still exists. Although many large-scale units are manufactured by China, the core technology of the key parts is not in the hands of China. The enterprises are still only in processing and manufacturing, and they are caught in the predicament of “high-end failure”.

From the bottleneck problem faced by the development of China's high-end equipment industry in 2017, first of all, it is necessary to integrate international technical resources and capital resources to drive China's high-end equipment manufacturing industry to the top of the industrial chain with high technology content and high profit content. Step forward. Secondly, in terms of industrial agglomeration, in addition to the planning and guidance of the government, it is also necessary to play an integrated role of high-quality online resource platforms, so that industrial resources can be concentrated across physical spaces, resulting in an efficient industrial agglomeration effect, while the industrial dual-capital platform It is so catering to the needs of the times.

"Industrial dual-funded platform" refers to a brand "resource + capital" platform established by a large enterprise group such as a multinational corporation or a state-owned enterprise for a specific industry or a plurality of industries, which mainly integrates and absorbs technical enterprises in the industrial field. Financial enterprises have settled in the platform, enabling enterprises to exchange "capital + resources" to help the benign development of the industry. The China Railway Urban Development Strategic Alliance is an industrial platform with these three elements at the same time.

China Railway Group Shanghai Investment Co., Ltd., a wholly-owned subsidiary of China Railway Group, a subsidiary of China Railway Group, is a professional company in the first-level development sector of China Railway Land. It relies on China Railway's large central enterprises, century-old brand and world top 500. With its solid strength and the brilliant achievements of the world's leading enterprises in the construction industry and more than 100 Luban Awards, it has always been ahead of the curve and built China's first-class integrated city operator. Based on the world's top 500 international brand potential, China Railway Real Estate Shanghai Investment Co., Ltd., with the model of “comprehensive urban development”, established the China Railway Urban Development Strategic Alliance and entered the hot industry industry market. It is an ideal dual-funded platform for the industry.

In the field of high-end equipment manufacturing, China Railway City Development Strategic Alliance first integrates high-quality technology-based enterprises in the high-end equipment manufacturing field into the alliance platform, forming a whole industrial chain covering technology research and development, technology transformation, product development, and product production. The "high-end equipment technology cluster ecology" helps the enterprises in the platform to complement each other at the advanced technology level.

In addition, at the level of financial capital, China Railway Urban Development Strategic Alliance has also integrated many financial enterprises into the platform. For enterprises that join the platform, they can enjoy the platform effect of “resource + capital double group”, and settle in to the platform. The companies within it provide capital support.

In addition, the China Railway City Development Strategic Alliance, relying on the “Extraordinary Central Enterprise” brand endorsement, China Railway Urban Development Strategic Alliance, can provide enterprises in the platform to the platform to provide greater policy services in the field of high-end equipment manufacturing. In the face of the current four major problems in high-end equipment, the China Railway Urban Development Strategic Alliance will provide three matrix services of “policy + capital + resources” to “complement the short-board” for industrial development, and help enterprises within the platform to sail to the far-reaching market. . Look forward to cooperation and inlay.

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